ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND The high demand for adequate material for the gold standard reverse transcription real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR)-based diagnosis imposed by the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, combined with the inherent contamination risks for healthcare workers during nasopharyngeal swab (NP) sample collection and the discomfort it causes patients, brought the need to identify alternative specimens suitable for the diagnosis of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). OBJECTIVES The aim of this work was to compare saliva and gingival fluid swabs to NP swabs as specimens for RT-qPCR-based SARS-CoV-2 diagnosis. METHODS We compared gingival fluid swabs (n = 158) and saliva (n = 207) to the rayon-tipped NP swabs obtained from mild-symptomatic and asymptomatic subjects as specimens for RT-qPCR for SARS-CoV-2 detection. FINDINGS When compared to NP swabs, gingival fluid swabs had a concordance rate of 15.4% among positive samples, zero among inconclusive, and 100% among negative ones. For saliva samples, the concordance rate was 67.6% among positive samples, 42.9% among inconclusive, and 96.8% among negative ones. However, the concordance rate between saliva and NP swabs was higher (96.9%) within samples with lower cycle threshold (Ct) values (Ct > 10 ≤ 25). MAIN CONCLUSIONS Our data suggests that whereas gingival fluid swabs are not substitutes for NP swabs, saliva might be considered whenever NP swabs are not available or recommended.
Subject(s)
Humans , COVID-19 Testing , COVID-19 , Saliva , Specimen Handling , Nasopharynx , Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction , SARS-CoV-2ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To observe the clinical efficacy and safety of additional use of Cypate gingival fluid in periodontal basic therapy before surgery in the treatment of pregnancy gingival tumor. METHODS: A total of 86 patients with pregnancy gingival tumor in Second Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University during Jan. 2015 to Jan. 2016 were divided into observation group and control group according to random number table, with 43 cases in each group. Control group received ligation and oral micro-electrosurgical surgery according to the volume of tumor. Observation group was given Cypate gingival fluid-based periodontal basic therapy (3-5 mL for gargling, 2-3 min each time, 3-5 times each day, 5 d) and then receive surgery. Clinical efficacies, gingival related indexes (gingival index, sulcular bleeding index, probing depth), quality scores of life, ADR, the occurrence of complications were observed in 2 groups. The followed-up was conducted 1 year after surgery, and the recurrence of gingival tumor was compared between 2 groups. RESULTS: No case was found shedding in the study. The total response rate of observation group was 97. 67％, which was significantly higher than 79. 07％ of control group (P＜0. 05). After treatment, the gingival related indexes of 2 groups were decreased significantly compared to before treatment, while quality scores of life were increased significantly compared to before treatment, observation group was significantly better than control group (P＜0. 05). No severe ADR or complication was found in 2 groups during treatment. Recurrence rate of gingival tumor in observation group was 2. 33％, which was significantly lower than 13. 95％ in control group 1 year after treatment (P＜0. 05). CONCLUSIONS: Compared with surgery alone, additional use of Cypate gingival fluid in periodontal basic therapy before surgery has better clinical efficacy and lower recurrence rate, with good safety.
ABSTRACT
El objetivo de este trabajo consiste en describir las distintas lesiones cervicales no cariosas, la abrasión, la erosión y la abfracción. Se desarrollarán en detalle su etiología, localización y características clínicas. Se mencionarán los diferentes procedimientos a realizar para su prevención y los materiales a utilizar para su restauración.
This article describes the different types of non-cariouscervical lesions, for example abrasion, erosionand abfraction. We will discuss their etiology, location and clinical features in detail. We will describe the procedures to prevent them, aswell as the materials used for their restoration.